By Spectrum IFA
This article is published on: 30th October 2024
June, September, and now October. The European Central Bank (ECB) has lowered the interest rate by 25 basis points, marking its third rate cut in 2024 and the second consecutive reduction—a sequence not seen in 13 years (see graph).
Inflation is now at 1.7%, its lowest level since April 2021 and below the 2% target.
The ECB’s last meeting of the year will be on December 12th . Monetary analysts predict four more rate cuts by mid-2025, to be followed by a period of stability. According to the ECB’s survey, marginal rate adjustments could occur in 2026, especially in the first half, which would bring rates to around 2% for that year.
As a result, the Euribor has declined. In October, the monthly Euribor rate stood at 2.711%, a decrease of 0.225 points from the previous month’s 2.936%. Starting 2024 at 3.609%, the Euribor has accumulated a total drop of 0.898 points over the year, as illustrated in the accompanying table and graphs.
As a result, we are starting to see a reaction from the banks. With inflation now at a low and the Euribor experiencing steady declines, further cuts are expected into 2025. This trend has prompted a cautious response from banks, which are gradually reducing interest rates. As the ECB signals possible marginal adjustments by 2026, the Eurozone may enter a phase of rate stability, providing a potentially favourable environment for both borrowers and lenders.
Should you have any inquiries regarding the content of this article, or any other questions relating to mortgages in Spain, please do not hesitate to reach out to us for further information.
Patricia Nadal
spain@spectrum-mortgages.com
By Chris Burke
This article is published on: 16th October 2024
I am guessing most of us are back in the old routine after summer (sorry to tell you that the summer is now over, even if you don’t want to hear it!) – How quickly do the hours/days/weeks/months/years/life go by….it only seems like yesterday I was starting out in my career, now I am the wrong side of ………something!
I myself don’t have that long to go until I retire. It never is too late to start your financial planning but the sooner you do it the easier and more fruitful your finances should be. Do I ‘practice what I preach’ and take the advice I pass on to others? Absolutely! That’s another reason why I am best placed to give the advice……..
This month we are focusing on the following investment planning tips to inspire you to get organised financially and feel good about it:
Making sure you have a ‘Plan’ for your savings and investments
Managing your personal finances should be just as, if not more, important than managing your work or business role – You should make sure you are achieving your set objectives, regularly reviewing along the way to make sure you are hitting your targets, goals and aspirations for life. Apart from your health and family, what could be more important than that?
Imagine if you received one EXTRA annual bonus each year, for the whole of your working life, how much difference would that make to you? Then, investing that prudently over your working life to provide for your family and retirement? With some knowledge, know-how and someone to guide you along the way and making sure you regularly review, in the good and bad times, that this can be achieved.
Use the ability to offset, defer and mitigate tax for your investments/savings
Alongside making your monies work and grow for you, being smart with your tax situation will make sure that those ‘hard earned gains’ you have achieved over the years, when you need them most in retirement, are subject to the least amount of tax, legally.
For decades those ‘in the know’ have used tax experts and legal teams to makes sure they pay the minimum amount of tax possible, which can make an incredible difference to your wealth – This is a major area we focus on with our clients’ investments/portfolios. Investments set without professional advice, for example via on-line platforms or banks, are normally nowhere near as tax efficient as those established with the help of an experienced financial planner.
Using your investments to pay for children’s future expenses without paying any taxes yourself
“At what age are children financially independent?” I hear some parents say. In my experience it can be never…….however, many of my clients plan to support them financially for their education and university fees, if possible. Parents are then very surprised to hear that rather than pay the tax themselves on their investment gains for these future expenses, they can arrange (with proper financial planning) that their children can, if they wish, receive income from these investments directly. This means any tax due would come under the children’s tax bracket, instead of the parents’ – which can make a significant difference to the tax payable in total, but particularly for the parents.
Investment quiz – what’s most important to you?
Many people get in touch with me when they feel they need help with investment planning and advice, however that is not always the case. Sometimes, after reaching out for a different reason and talking their situation/aspirations through, they then decide they want to set up an investment strategy.
But how do you decide whether investing is right for you? I have compiled below the following questions in two columns – If you agree more with those in column A than B, then you should strongly consider getting in touch to discuss investment plans and strategies:
| A | B |
| You want your money to grow and give you greater wealth in the future | Keep your money accessible in case it’s needed, knowing it will not grow and keep up with inflation, but you have instant access |
| You would like to have a financial plan/strategy keeping some money accessible, but also make sure your other monies are ‘working’ for you, increasing your wealth and finances over the years | Employ all of your spare money into paying off your mortgage early, then look at your retirement investment strategy (click here to read whether it is best to do this or not). |
| Retire early using FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early) - early being well before the typical retirement age of 66. | Not retire early, enjoy life fully now and see what happens when you get to retirement |
If you would like to discuss any of the topics above in more detail or you would like to have an initial consultation with Chris to explore your personal situation, you can do so here.
Click here to read independent reviews on Chris and his advice.
If you would like any more information regarding any of the above, or to talk through your situation initially and receive expert, factual based advice, don’t hesitate to get in touch with me.
By Susan Worthington
This article is published on: 21st September 2024
Change is inevitable, for many it can be unsettling. I am fortunate in that the clients and friends I look after have remained happy to stay with me on their financial journeys. Sometimes that journey can be more expensive than looking after your own affairs but at the end of the day it ensures your wishes are carried out to the best of your intentions.
It makes one appreciate that a client’s commitment to their adviser for the duration of their financial arrangements is fundamental to developing a strong relationship and achieving successful outcomes. It’s what an adviser can help them with that matters, and supporting those requirements over the long-term creates a unique bond. Matching the actual advice and arrangements to a client’s needs should be the highest priority for any adviser.
So what can an Adviser provide:
• Helps maintain perspective (and calm or change) during stock market turbulence.
• Able to explain and problem solve when something goes wrong.
• They provide more accurate news and updates from the real experts, steering clear of the media hype and scaremongering that is everywhere.
• Recommend tax efficient arrangements geared to your lifetime and also very importantly, after it, for your family.
• Have access to investment fund experts who often fare better than self-selected choices.
• Keep you on track as your circumstances change. Nothing ever stays the same, part of life’s rich pattern, so having a hand to hold you through that change can be comforting and supportive.
• Liaise with your tax or legal advisers to ensure your overall interests are protected.
As I reach a period in my work that extends to several decades sadly that involves clients leaving this world for the other and that alone can create enormous problems. If the next of kin are not aware of what to do, of what is required from them or where to seek advice it becomes overwhelming.
When you have friends and clients who have connected with you for many years it is often the financial adviser who can assist in this “miserable” but essential exercise. Most often once affairs are put into order during your lifetime, for those left behind, it provides a huge sense of relief.
Even in my own planning I have to consider working with other Advisers so that the increasing number of clients we look after will be managed effectively for the longer term, in case I disappear on my journey one day.
Most people will benefit from the knowledge and experience of a professional financial adviser, especially if they have a variety of assets. When deciding between working with a financial adviser or doing it yourself, you just need to weigh the benefits against what you could be missing out on.
By John Hayward
This article is published on: 13th September 2024
How to benefit from a little extra knowledge
What do the following statements have in common?
1. Fish have no memory.
2. You consume on average 8 spiders in your sleep.
3. Cracking your knuckles causes arthritis.
4. We only use 10% of our brains.
5. You have to pay into the Spanish social security system for 15 years to be eligible for a Spanish state pension.
The answer?
None of them are strictly speaking true. As I am close to clueless when it comes to biology, I will focus on the final point, state pension eligibility.
You will read on numerous websites that, in order to qualify for a Spanish state pension, you have to have paid into the Spanish system for at least 15 years and that two of these years must be within the 15-year period immediately preceding the pension claim. However, what is generally omitted from the text is the fact that years of contributions in other countries, including the UK (despite Brexit), can be added to the years in Spain. In order to pounce on any uncertainty which might be created by my statement, I will illustrate my point with an example:
– Years in the UK system – 22
– Years in the Spanish system – 10
Although 10 is less than 15, the 22 years of UK contributions takes the total number of years over 15, i.e. 32 (10 + 22). This does not mean that one claims 32 years from the UK, or even Spain, but, in this example, there will be an entitlement of 22 years’ worth of state pension from the UK and 10 years of Spanish state pension (as long as contributions were made to the Spanish system in 2 of the 15 years prior to claiming the pension).
As per the statement from La Moncloa, the office of the President of the Government of Spain, “As from 1 January 2021, the UK and Spain will retain their jurisdiction to manage Social Security benefits based on contributions made in their respective territories, under conditions of equality and non-discrimination.”
Furthermore, “The Protocol on Social Security Coordination sets forth the totalisation of contribution periods completed in the other Party for the recognition of retirement pensions”. This is not particularly friendly English but the point is there.
In order to find out more about pension entitlement, it is extremely helpful to be registered on Gateway for UK pensions and have a digital certificate to access information about the Spanish system. The digital certificate is also useful for other legal and tax enquiries, including SUMA and cadastral enquiries. It sits on your computer and allows immediate access to your information.
Although you can access projections as to your future pension entitlement, the story does not end there. Certain assumptions are made with these online facilities and you may not be provided with a completely accurate assessment of your entitlement. In the same way that accumulating years of contributions from different jurisdictions can solve the 15-year minimum term problem in Spain, it might also be the case that you can receive your Spanish state pension earlier than expected. The state retirement age in Spain in 2024 is 66 years and 6 months. This will gradually increase to 67 by 2027. However, if someone is able to show (in 2024) 38 years and 3 months of contributions, the retirement age is 65. This limit is increasing to 38 years and 6 months by 2027 and, presumably, there will be changes after that.
So let us take an example of the person who also paid for 22 years in the UK but, this time, an additional 17 years in Spain. Their default projected state retirement age is 67 in both the UK in Spain. Although the number of years paid overall will have no effect on the UK state pension age, it will do in Spain. As 22 plus 17 is 39, the person expecting to retire at 67 could actually receive their Spanish state pension at 65.
There are other rules and options with this i.e. deferring the receipt of the pension, continuing to work and receive 50% of the pension, etc., and from an income planning perspective, this could be beneficial.
We do not work for the tax office or a social security department but all of this is really important when planning ahead to determine cashflow, income, and even employment, requirements. Using tax efficient investment vehicles, and assessing existing pension arrangements, we can help you work out how much you need in retirement and how you can achieve your long-term financial and life goals.
There is so much information on the internet but not all of it is accurate. We make every effort to filter out the wheat from the chaff as we know how important it is to know the facts before committing to something. People have made bad choices in the past because they did not have all of the relevant information. The decision by the Scots to invade England during the Black Death was not one of the best.
By Charles Hutchinson
This article is published on: 12th September 2024
I was on one of Spain’s magnificent high-speed trains the other day, coming home from Madrid. We were travelling at over 300 kph across the spectacular wild scenery, a complimentary glass of white wine on my table with not a ripple on its surface.
I was lucky enough to be travelling Preferential (1st class) as Economy was full up. But the price didn’t matter because I have attained the age where I am entitled to a Gold Card which reduces train tickets by as much as 40% – I was travelling First for the price of Second!
Opposite me sat a kindly looking fellow and soon we began to chat. He was a senior airline executive with one of the Arabian Gulf airlines and was soon to retire. He was on a looksee mission as he and his wife had decided to move to Southern Spain where the climate is similar to Dubai’s, their home for over 15 years.
The thought of moving back to their native damp grey Britain was daunting.
It was a fortunate meeting as I was soon able to help him cut some corners and avoid some pitfalls which had been laid in his path by so called knowledgeable advisers in the UAE.
Relocating from Dubai to Spain can be an exciting move, but it also involves several important steps to ensure a smooth transition.
Here’s a breakdown of the key aspects you may need to consider:
Personal Finances
Taxation: I was able to present him with a copy of our Spanish Tax Guide which shows the different tax obligations and, once you become a tax resident (living here for more than 183 days), that you’ll need to pay taxes on your global income. I also advised him to check the details of the double taxation agreements between Spain and the UAE. It is very important to engage a licensed and regulated (in Spain) financial adviser to assist you with all these matters.
Spanish Bank Account: You’ll need a Spanish bank account to pay rent, utilities, and other expenses. It is also advisable to have an offshore bank account where the bulk of any cash should be kept as some Spanish institutions have the habit of raiding one’s account without permission!
Visas and Residencias
It seemed he wasn’t fully aware of the options available to him in legally securing his residency here. As a UAE resident, you’ll need to apply for a Spanish visa unless you hold citizenship of an EU country. There are several types of visas. Non-Lucrative Visa: if you plan to retire or live off savings, this visa allows you to stay without working. Golden Visa for individuals investing in property or businesses in Spain (minimum investment of €500,000). Work Visa: If you have secured a job in Spain. Student Visa if you are moving for educational purposes. Residency Permit: once you have arrived in Spain, you’ll need to apply for a residence permit, if none of the above apply.
Driving
It is important to check if you can exchange your UAE driving licence for a Spanish one, or if you’ll need to undergo a test. You have six months to drive on your foreign license once you’re a resident here.
Accommodation
Many people moving here begin by renting to see where they would like to live within a certain area. An alternative to this is to retain a Relocation Agent who will line up properties to your specification before you come over. This saves time and money and can be very rewarding. You can also use this service if you wish to rent instead.
Lawyers and Gestors (Para Legals)
It is important to retain a lawyer or Gestor who specialises in immigration or real estate to help you navigate legal requirements such as contracts, taxes, and residency permits. A good reputable relocation agent can also provide this service.
Healthcare
Spain has an excellent public healthcare system and is available once you obtain your residency permit (Residencia). Many expats opt for private health insurance and there is a wide choice here. In some cases, it is mandatory for gaining residency.
General Insurance
If your UAE general insurance company does not have an EU entity, then you will need to reinsure here. This is required for your car(s) and highly desirable for your purchased property and its contents. The easiest route is a general insurance broker (of which there are many here) and who will also organise your medical insurance, if needed.
Shipping and Moving Services
If you have furniture, cars, or other personal belongings to move, the relocation agent can arrange this as there are many excellent international removals companies with branches here. They will be familiar with customs formalities and on used personal belongings, note there is no import duty. However, on a personal vehicle, you will have to pay IVA (VAT) if you decide to keep hold of it after 6 months.
Schooling
If you have children of that age, Spain offers free public schooling but classes are conducted in Spanish. There is a wide choice of Private/International Schools which offer international or UK curriculums.
Lifestyle
The lifestyle in Spain can be quite different from Dubai’s. The pace of life tends to be more relaxed here, with emphasis on family time, meals, and socialising.
The Spanish are a very hospitable people and many speak sufficient English to make themselves clearly understood. But to make life easier and to fully appreciate the wonders of Spain, it is advisable to learn Spanish as early as possible after arrival.
On arrival in Malaga, we parted company full of bonhomie and he was now armed with sufficient information to get started quickly and effectively with his search. He also has my contact details and so he might even become a client! He certainly indicated he wanted to meet again.
If you are contemplating such a move from the Gulf or from any other jurisdiction, do please contact me for a no obligation and complimentary chat on my below details:
By Chris Burke
This article is published on: 11th September 2024
As always, I am here to help ensure that the last phrase above stays with you for life, by helping you manage your assets using highly tax efficient, well-invested methods, and offering you sound advice as the years go by.
This month I thought I would really get you thinking and organised by providing, from my experience and professional opinion, in the order of importance, a list to get you financially efficient and enable you to change your wealth and financial outcome in life. Pick out those areas that apply to you and get working on that personal financial health-check now, so that over the years you maximise your assets and wealth:
1 – Taxes
Review your tax situation, making sure all your assets are as tax efficient as possible and that any monies you have are not subject to unnecessary tax, both now and later in life. For me, this is the FIRST task to tackle with your finances, and working with a good tax adviser here in Spain is rule number one. Having a ‘leaky bucket’ where any gains you make are ‘dripping’ away to hacienda is not managing your money effectively.
2 – Debt – Review and Reduce
Pay off high-interest debt as quickly as possible, starting with credit cards and other loans with high rates. Consider refinancing options if rates drop or consolidating debts for lower rates.
3 – Prioritise Building an Emergency Fund
Aim to have at least 3 to 6 months of living expenses in a high-yield (good luck with that in euros!) savings account. With economic uncertainty, having a buffer can provide peace of mind and protect against unexpected expenses.
4 – Have short, medium and long-Term financial plans
Set clear, realistic financial goals (short, medium and long-term) to develop a comprehensive plan and achieve them. Regularly review and adjust your plan to adapt to life changes and financial circumstances.
5 – Consider Inflation
With inflation remaining a concern, explore investment options that can hedge/work against inflation, such as inflation-linked government bonds, commodities, real estate or well-designed investment portfolios.
6 – Invest your savings/spare cash consistently
To grow and increase wealth, one must invest. Nothing is guaranteed in life, however over the long term a good investment plan will work to grow your monies as opposed to a guaranteed reduction in real value with low/non-interest-bearing bank accounts.
Continue investing regularly, regardless of market fluctuations, through strategies like pound/euro cost averaging. Diversify your portfolio across different asset classes (stocks, bonds, real estate, etc.) to minimise risk.
7 – Automate your savings and investments
Set up automatic transfers to savings and investment accounts. This helps ensure you save regularly and take advantage of compounding growth without needing to remember each month.
8 – Re-evaluate insurance coverage
Review your insurance policies, including health, home, auto, and life insurance, to ensure you have adequate cover without overpaying. Consider policies like umbrella insurance if your assets have grown significantly.
9 – Maximise retirement contributions
Contribute as much as possible to a retirement plan, especially if your employer offers a matching contribution. With inflation and increasing life expectancy, building a larger nest egg is crucial.
10 – Stay informed about tax changes
Keep up with any new tax laws or changes that could affect your personal finances. Look into opportunities for tax deductions or credits, like contributing to tax relief investments or making charitable donations.
11 – Rebalance your investment/asset portfolio regularly
Review your investment portfolio at least annually to ensure it aligns with your risk tolerance, financial goals, and market conditions. Rebalancing can help maintain the desired asset allocation and also changes in your life as the years go by.
12 – Plan for major expenses in advance
If you anticipate major expenses (like buying a home, car, or funding education), start planning and saving early. This can help you avoid high-interest debt or dipping into long-term savings.
13 – leverage technology and financial tools
Use budgeting apps and financial management software to help track expenses, plan investments, and manage your portfolio efficiently.
14 – Invest in yourself
Allocate time and resources to enhance your skills and knowledge in personal finances, as this can lead to higher income potential or career advancement.
Nothing changes if nothing changes……
If you would like to discuss any of the above topics in more detail, or you would like to have an initial consultation with Chris to explore your personal situation, you can do so here.
Click here to read independent reviews on Chris and his advice.
If you would like any more information regarding any of the above, or to talk through your situation initially and receive expert, factual based advice, don’t hesitate to get in touch with Chris.
By Charles Hutchinson
This article is published on: 7th September 2024
There was a time not so long ago when the BRIC markets were the darlings of the investment world. Certainly many of our Balanced risk and Adventurous risk clients were recommended to hold funds of such renowned investment houses as HSBC and Jardine Fleming. So what has happened since?
The Brazil economy has been destroyed by poor leadership and corruption; Russia has been banished to the outer fringes of the civilised world; democratic India is developing into a first world giant economy which is forecast to match China by the mid 30’s; and China? The communist Chinese economy has certainly had its share of problems since the beginning of the ‘20s, which persistently drag its markets down. They have continued to underperform due to a combination of economic, regulatory, and geopolitical factors.
Here are some key reasons:
China’s economic recovery post-COVID-19 has been slower than expected. Domestic consumption remains sluggish, and growth in key sectors like real estate has faltered. This has weighed heavily on investor confidence.
The manufacturing sector, traditionally a pillar of China’s economy, has faced challenges due to weakened global demand and supply chain disruptions. This has further dampened economic growth, impacting market performance.
The ongoing crisis in China’s property sector, exemplified by the struggles of major developers like Evergrande, has led to significant financial instability. The property market, which constitutes a large part of China’s economy, has seen declining prices and sales, eroding wealth and further depressing consumer spending. Many property developers are heavily indebted, and their financial troubles have rippled through the economy, affecting banks and other sectors linked to real estate.
The Chinese government’s regulatory crackdown on the technology sector has created significant uncertainty.
Major tech companies have faced fines, restructuring orders and other regulatory actions which have spooked investors and led to a sell-off in these stocks. Beyond tech, the government’s broader regulatory agenda, targeting education, gaming, and other industries, has increased investor caution. The unpredictability of regulatory interventions has made both domestic and foreign investors wary.
Foreign investors have been pulling capital out of China due to concerns over economic prospects, regulatory risks, and geopolitical uncertainties. This capital flight has further weakened stock prices. Domestic investors are also hesitant, with many preferring safer assets due to uncertainty about the direction of the economy and government policies.
Lastly, ongoing geopolitical tensions, particularly with the United States, have created an overhang on the market. Issues such as trade disputes, technology bans and the delisting of Chinese companies from U.S. exchanges have all contributed to negative sentiment.
The risk of decoupling between China and the West, especially in critical sectors like technology, has raised concerns about the future growth prospects of Chinese companies, further depressing stock prices.
There seems to be little immediate relief in sight unless there are significant improvements in economic conditions, regulatory clarity and geopolitical stability. The Spectrum IFA Group, along with many other advisers, are wary of our clients holding positions in the Chinese market through collective funds. But if you are a fan of Asia and other Emerging markets or just simply want to diversify your portfolio further, then one should perhaps look at India rather more closely.
For more information on this and keeping your portfolio safe within efficient and effective tax structures, please contact me, Charles Hutchinson, via the form below.
By Charles Hutchinson
This article is published on: 5th September 2024
Many of my clients have expressed their worries to me in recent weeks. The axiom “When Wall Street sneezes, the world catches a cold” has never been truer than now. Fears with the US economy sent global markets cascading overnight.
This was followed by a modest recovery as investors bought in at lower levels and the debate ensued as to exactly how well founded were these fears. Markets are still down and will probably remain so until some of these fears are addressed or diminish.
Overall, the U.S. economy in 2024 is not in dire straits, but it is facing significant headwinds. While the labour market remains strong and consumer spending is resilient, high inflation, rising interest rates, and concerns about future growth present challenges.
The overall outlook is one of cautious optimism, with the potential for both recovery and further difficulties depending on how these factors evolve. Let’s look at the US economy in closer detail:
Rising Government Debt Levels: The U.S. national debt has continued to grow, raising concerns about long-term fiscal sustainability. High debt levels may limit the government’s ability to respond to future economic crises.
Rising Interest Rates: To combat inflation, the Federal Reserve has raised interest rates several times. While this is intended to cool inflation, it also increases borrowing costs for consumers and businesses, potentially slowing economic growth.
Housing Affordability Issues: High mortgage rates, combined with rising home prices, have made housing less affordable for many. This has led to a slowdown in home sales and construction, affecting related industries.
Persistent Inflation: Inflation has been a significant challenge, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rising at rates above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target. This has eroded purchasing power for many Americans, particularly those on fixed incomes.
Recession Fears: There is ongoing concern about a potential recession. While not inevitable, some economic indicators, such as inverted yield curves and slowing manufacturing activity, have raised alarms.
To balance these, there is some GOOD news:
Robust Corporate Earnings: Many companies, particularly in the tech sector, have reported strong earnings, driven by innovation, digital transformation, and global expansion
Resilient Consumer Spending: Despite challenges, consumer spending has held up, supported by strong job growth and wage increases. This is crucial since consumer spending drives about 70% of U.S. economic activity.
Low Unemployment: Unemployment has remained low, hovering around 3.8% as of mid-2024. Job creation continues in several sectors, reflecting a resilient labour market.
So, as a long-term investor, what should I do until markets pick up again?
Stay invested with your trusted adviser or portfolio manager to ensure that your original investment strategy is not derailed by short-term market events. He/she will also be well placed to capitalise on investment opportunities during spells of market volatility. NEVER try to time the markets with big bets on ‘buying low or selling high’ – ALWAYS stay invested through uncertain times. It has been proven time and time again that this is the safest and most effective principle for achieving long-term investment success.
For further information on discretionary managed or advised portfolios within extremely effective tax structures, please contact me, Charles Hutchinson, via the form below.
By Jeremy Ferguson
This article is published on: 3rd September 2024
I have recently had to deal with the passing of one of my clients, and this really brought home the importance of an article I wrote over 5 years ago now.
My client was single and read my article about making a folder containing all of the important things someone may need to deal with in the event of her demise.
We did this together, and I am so glad we did. For her heirs, dealing with Probate has been so much easier than it would have been (importantly saving a huge amount in additional legal fees) and the distribution of the estate happened very quickly.
I keep reminding people, we all spend time every year making sure the ITV for the car is sorted, house insurance and car insurance policies are up to date, tax returns are filed etc. so please put some time aside to create ‘ THE Folder’ as I like to call it?
So what is THE Folder?
It is a single file (digital or physical) where you keep all of your important personal and financial information together. It allows easy access to these documents in the event that you are no longer around to help. It is really important to have it in place when one family member takes the lead on the family finances; this includes paying bills, managing accounts and storing documents. Even if that is not the case, it is an important exercise.
So what should be in THE Folder?
All documentation that is relevant to running your household with regards to finances, such as:
THE Folder can be very simple, and I always suggest contact details for each of the relevant policies etc. should be clearly marked as well. Also, make sure that when THE Folder is complete, you sit down together and explain all of the information it contains, as it will be as useful as a chocolate tea pot if you don’t both know exactly what is there.
Is it worth the effort?
Well, I think it is worth the effort. At a time of loss it can be stressful enough, without having to try to piece together the deceased’s financial affairs. This can be a really difficult time for family members, even more so if your support network, typically children, is back home in the UK.
However, preparing THE Folder is much more than just avoiding stress; if you leave behind an administrative nightmare, you could delay access to inheritors’ funds and potentially cost a small fortune in legal fees.
To give you an example of this, the UK Department of Work and Pensions estimates that there is currently more than £400 million sitting in unclaimed pension pots in the UK.
Which is best…..physical or digital?
This comes down to personal preference. It can be done by either creating an electronic file that survivors can access in the event of death, or an actual paper file. An electronic file can be stored on your main computer, in the cloud or on an external hard drive. Make sure everyone knows how to access the computer, cloud or hard drive though!
Alternatively, if you use a physical folder to keep all of the important information together, make sure it is large enough to keep everything together. The good old shoe box has been a long time winner in this department, although a well organised file does make life a lot easier for everyone.
For what it’s worth, I find lots of people prefer paper and are happier with hard copies of everything. I personally prefer digital, which I have shared with some trusted family members. It may even be worth considering asking your legal advisers to hold the folder on your behalf (electronic is much better for this reason), so a simple visit to them if anything happens means they can assist you far more easily with everything.
Typically they will want all of the information it contains anyway, so by saving time when it becomes relevant, the small annual charge they may make for holding the information will normally be offset.
And finally…
I have already stressed this, be sure to tell someone about it! There is little point going to the effort of creating such a folder if no one knows of its existence or where to find it…..
By Chris Burke
This article is published on: 11th July 2024
Summer is well and truly here so it’s time to enjoy everything that brings, especially before it gets too hot! It’s hard to beat Spain when we have so many sunny days – a walk along the seafront or a stroll through the forest to keep cool and listen to the nature.
From a financial perspective, I am always here to update you on anything new or tips/hints to keep your finances healthy – this month we are focusing on the following:
Biometric card for entry & exit to Spain
The EES (Entry/Exit System) will be introduced by the EU in Autumn 2024 – this is an automated system for registering travellers from the UK and other non-EU countries each time they cross an EU external border. It will require third country nationals, including UK nationals, visiting the EU to create a digital record and provide their biometric data (fingerprints and facial image) at the border when they enter the EU’s Schengen Zone. It is expected that Spanish Green Certificate holders may face significant delays and difficulties at borders if they do not have a TIE.
The system will register the person’s name, type of travel document, biometric data (ie fingerprints and captured facial images) and the date and place of entry or exit each time they go through a ‘checkpoint’, which will in real terms replace stamping of passports (so those regular travellers to the EU won’t have to worry about running out of passport pages with stamping!).
Whilst hopefully making travelling easier and quicker, it’s also clear to note that there will be a ‘hard electronic’ record of which borders you cross and how many days you are spending in each country, which from a tax perspective could be interesting. Let´s see how long it takes for this to also become common practice at ‘road borders’.
Inheritance tax (IHT) & Gift tax in Spain
One of the great unknowns amongst those who are non-Spanish and tax resident in Spain is how inheritance tax works and what amounts are payable. Particularly if you come from the UK, it’s important to note that Spain does not, (generally), take into consideration the rules of other countries regarding IHT. Inheritance tax in Spain has no ‘double tax treaty’ with the UK, meaning Spain will not take into account any tax paid on this OR rules applicable in that country (for example, if there is no tax to pay in the UK there could be significant tax to pay in Spain).
They purely look at the amount you are inheriting and if you are a Spanish tax resident apply the following to work out how much tax you need to pay them (if any):
Inheritance tax starts from zero (allowances) and can reach up to 82% for a distant relative. Therefore, it’s imperative to understand what this number is should the situation arise, enabling you to plan effectively and maximise the remaining monies. It´s only my personal opinion but why would you not want, with proper planning, to maximise those ‘hard earned monies’ your relatives accumulated and left you over their lifetime?
On a side note, if there are relatives in other countries, (perhaps you have siblings), the Will can be set up to make sure you receive the same amount from the estate net of inheritance tax -the executor of the Will can deduct the tax from the ‘pot’ and then distribute accordingly – therefore the tax can be paid from all members receiving the inheritance not just yourself and enabling you to receive the same amount in real terms. This is something I have come across on a few occasions.
Another way is to receive any monies is as a ‘Gift’ whilst the donor is still alive, the tax on these is between 5-9% (again, the closer the relation the less tax you pay, so for a parent making a gift the tax would normally be 5%). Furthermore the location of the assets, (such as property in the UK), will make a difference to the amount paid.
As you can probably appreciate, by understanding these rules you can start to plan how and when best to receive any assets from relatives/parents. This is an area in which we work closely alongside tax advisers/planners almost every day, making sure our clients take sound financial/tax planning advice and a strategy is implemented to make sure the money is:
80+ state pension for UK persons those living abroad
If you do not receive the UK basic State Pension or you get less than £101.55 a week, you could get the difference paid up to this amount, as long as you were 80 years old before the 6th April 2016.
Other qualifying criteria are:
If you would like to discuss any of the topics above in more detail or you would like to have an initial consultation with Chris to explore your personal situation, you can do so here.
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If you would like any more information regarding any of the above, or to talk through your situation initially and receive expert, factual based advice, don’t hesitate to get in touch with me.
